Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disorder of glucose metabolism with serious clinical consequences. Due to the statistic, it the last 20 years the number of people with diabetes has increased by 12% all over the world. Owhoji, a department of human physiology, college of health sciences, university of port harcourt, p. The latest estimates show that there was a global prevalence of 425 million people with diabetes in 2017, which is expected to rise to 629 million by 2045. Oct 27, 2010 nigeria with over 250 tribes and different culture and food values, the prevalence values has not been uniform though the international diabetes federation recorded 3. High blood glucose, more specifically, diabetes mellitus is a major health problem who, 1998. Diabetes mellitus in nigeria are largely undiagnosed with more than two million cases 50% or more unaware of their diabetic status dan 20. We searched medline, embase, pubmed, papersfirst, the cochrane library, scopus, bioline, african journals online, institute of. Estimates provided are based on original population and hospitalbased studies on type 2 diabetes conducted across the six geopolitical zones of nigeria. Diabetes prevalence has been rising more rapidly in middle and lowincome countries. Diabetes is a major cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, stroke and lower limb amputation. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of diabetes mellitus dm among adult patients attending specialist hospital gombe, northern nigeria. Type 1 diabetes mellitus t1dm is a growing concern worldwide. With diverse health challenges, health authorities in subsaharan africa and international donors need robust data on the epidemiology and impact of diabetes in order to plan and prioritise their health programmes.
Nigeria and college of medicine, university of nigeria, enugu campus. Okoye 2, christopher isichei 3 1,chemical pathology department, federal college of veterinary and medical laboratory technology, national veterinary research institute, vom, plateau state, nigeria. Enumerate the risk factors for diabetes mellitus dm diagnose dm based on blood sugar values list the preventive measures in accordance with the levels of prevention enumerate the components of selfmanagement in. An international perspective is a long overdue, and welcome response to these population differences. The aim of this study was to assess the observed prevalence proportion pp and observed pp over expected pp ratio standardized prevalence proportion ratio, spr of diabetes according to international diabetes federation criteria in a large cohort of ghuntreated adultonset ghd patients.
Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in nigeria. The global prevalence of diabetes among adults over 18 years of age has risen from 4. In nigeria, the world diabetes day 2017 was organised by the diabetes association of nigeria dan, in collaboration with the olusegun obasanjo foundation oof, with a one day national workshop for members of the association drawn from the 36 states of the federation, where experts presented lectures on diabetes. Childhood obesity rates are rising, and so are the rates of type 2 diabetes in youth. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a nigerian population oxford. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Objectivethe prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus gdm varies in direct proportion with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in a given population or ethnic group. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Diabetes prevalence is increasing globally, and subsaharan africa is no exception. The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide, with the greatest increases occurring in low and middleincome countries. Introduction diabetes mellitus dm is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a chronic hyperglycemic condition resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. This book provides an excellet update on aetiological aspects in type 1 as well as type 2 diabetes the editors have done a very good job. The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus, 2nd edition diabetes. The incidence of diabetes mellitus dm, especially type 2 dm is rapidly growing.
Risk factors for diabetes mellitus among adult residents. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a nigerian population, transactions of we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of dm and its correlates in the suburban population of northwest nigeria. Incidence and prevalence of diabetes in nigeria legit. The growing number of people living with diabetes mellitus in nigeria is worrisome and an explosion in the number of diabetic patients may be imminent if urgent measures are not taken to address the trend. The rising disease burden of diabetes mellitus globally is a major public health priority, placing unsustainable demands on individuals, their carers, health systems and society. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in bukuru metropolis of. An assessment of knowledge on type 2 diabetes, the means of. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus linkedin slideshare. However, there is some evidence of a later age of onset in african type 1 diabetic patients, compared to european diabetics, and it is thought that the prevalence of type 1 diabetes is lower in african populations than in the western world. Aim to summarize findings from studies reporting the prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic maculopathy in african countries in light of the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus methods using a predefined search strategy, we systematically searched medline, embase, science citation index and. Diabetes mellitus is a noncommunicable disease that affects people worldwide and poses major public health and socioeconomic challenges.
Pdf prevalence of gestational diabetes in south east. Incidence and prevalence of diabetes in nigeria today is one of the most significant troubles. In principle, there is the possibility of estimating epidemiologic data by selfreport of the patients, longitudinalor crosssectional studies or differentsized registries. Gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence estimates for another lmic, brazil, are thought to be 7. The report makes an important contribution to our understanding of diabetes and its consequences. Ihekwabab, aaron ojuleb, seye babatundeb a university teaching hospital, port harcourt, nigeria b college of health sciences, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a tertiary health. An assessment of knowledge on type 2 diabetes, the means. Introduction diabetes mellitus is chronic noncommunicable disease associated with long term complications to the brain, kidney, and the heart. This study sought to determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus dm among adult patients attending specialist hospital gombe, northern nigeria. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in bukuru metropolis of plateau state patricia oluchukwu okonkwo 1, z. Most nigerians with diabetes are seen in the secondary institutions general hospitals, specialist hospitals, and private hospitals. This qualitative research paper discusses diabetes mellitus in nigeria from the viewpoints of epidemiology risk factors and disease distribution in the population, biostatistical data, biological and molecular characteristics, social and behavioural factors, the. Epidemiology, clinical presentation and management of advanced liver cancer in nigeria j.
Estimating the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus the epidemiology of type 1 diabetes can be estimated in different ways. Diabetes rates in the united states, like across north america and around the world, have been increasing substantially. It is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action or both 2. This is hazardous disease, especially for children. Over the past 30years the prevalence of diabetes has been increasing steadily. However, the prevalence is on the increase mainly because of urbanization and changes in lifestyle. Diabetes mellitus dm was previously considered to be rare in subsaharan africa. Type 2 diabetes is the predominant form of diabetes in subsaharan africa, accounting for over 90% of cases. In the early nineties, not much was known about dm in nigeria and traditionally, people related dm to curses or hexes and diagnosis was made based on blood or urinary tests for glucose. Global aetiology and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes. The world health organisation, who, estimates for nigeria, show that 4 million nigerians are diabetic.
Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus essay example graduateway. Let us hope that this book will contribute to change our attitude. Studies conducted in nigeria indicated that the prevalence of diabetes. Targeting and monitoring glycemic control in nonpregnant adults with diabetes mellitus. An assessment of knowledge on type 2 diabetes, the means of preventing it, and attitudes towards preventing type 2 diabetes mellitus in middleaged nigerian women. Christopher alebiosu, is a nephrologist with a particular interest in diabetes care. Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus in benin. The epidemiology of diabetes mellitus wiley online books. Pdf prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in nigeria. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among. Ask your doctor about diabetes selfmanagement education and to recommend a diabetes educator, or search the american association of diabetes educators nationwide directory external icon for a list of educators in your community. Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy in. Clinical study prevalence of diabetes mellitus in 6050. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus global scenario diabetes and other chronic noncommunicable diseases ncds are significant public health challenges in the 21st century.
Diabetes is an important public health problem, one of four priority noncommunicable diseases. Specific learning objectives at the end of the class the student should be able to. Diabetes mellitus dm is a diverse group of metabolic disorders that is often associated with a high disease burden in developing countries such as nigeria. Nyenwe ea, odia oj, ihekwaba ae, ojule a, babatunde s 2003 type 2 diabetes in adult nigerians. Prevalence of diabetes and pre diabetes in okeogun region of oyo state, nigeria. Prevalence and awareness of diabetes mellitus in rural. Dec 15, 2014 diabetes mellitus dm is a diverse group of metabolic disorders that is often associated with a high disease burden in developing countries such as nigeria. Populationbased nationally representative data are not available for most developing countries, particularly in africa.
Introduction diabetes mellitus dm is a metabolic disturbance characterized by chronic hyperglycemia1. In most developed countries, type 2 diabetes is presently the leading cause of endstage renal disease and also contributes substantially to cardiovascular disease. The strategies for improving diabetes care in nigeria sidcain study group was formed about 7 years ago by physicians from 3 tertiary hospitals in southwestern nigeria with the aim of improving care for diabetes and hypertension. We have an enormous task at hand, which is why i welcome this first who global report on diabetes. Estimating the prevalence, hospitalisation and mortality. Prevalence, risk factors, diabetes mellitus, benin 1. Article estimating the prevalence, hospitalisation and. An accurate clinical implication assessment for diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrinemetabolic disorder affecting at least 5 million nigerians. This was a descriptive crosssectional community based survey carried out in abua, a rural district located in the niger delta region of nigeria among 462 adults recruited through multistage sampling.
Two studies3,4 that were conducted in 1963 and 1971 reported prevalence of less than 1% for diabetes in nigeria. S, university of lagos, nigeria, 2003 applied research project paper submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of. We searched medline, embase, pubmed, papersfirst, the cochrane library, scopus, bioline, african journals online. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in nigeria diabetes complications, morbidity and mortality diabetes complications in nigeria complications of dm acute and chronic can be severe, debilitating and fatal. The two main types of diabetes mellitus are type 1 and type 2, but other forms are also recognized the epidemiology of diabetes shows distinct patterns of distribution by age, sex, ethnic group and rural or urban area of residence. Nov 29, 2018 the rising disease burden of diabetes mellitus globally is a major public health priority, placing unsustainable demands on individuals, their carers, health systems and society. Given that the number of people with diabetes worldwide is expected to increase at record levels through 2030, we examined temporal trends in gdm among diverse ethnic groups. Diabetes mellitus is the most common form of diabetes that accounts for 90% of all diabetes cases. Type 1 diabetes, also called insulin dependent diabetes mellitus iddm, is caused by lack of insulin secretion by beta. Nutritional transition, urbanization, physical inactivity and obesity are the common risk factors that made diabetes mellitus progression very remarkable68. According to the 2014 statistics report done by the cdc it was found that, diabetes mellitus affects an estimated 29. Aim to summarize findings from studies reporting the prevalence and incidence of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic maculopathy in african countries in light of the rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus. In particular, the book highlights the dramatic rise of type 2 diabetes in children, adolescents and the elderly throughout the world.
There has been no nationwide health diabetes survey in nigeria since 1992, when a diabetes mellitus dm prevalence of 2. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among nigerians in port. Diabetes is a serious, chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin a hormone that regulates blood sugar, or glucose, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Pdf prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a tertiary health. The longer the duration of the illness, the greater the possibility of an end organ complication. Diabetes mellitus, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, etiology. The second edition builds on this success, gathering recent information on international trends and data for diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological study has made a major contribution to our understanding of diabetes and its complications. Pdf prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in. Prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in okeogun region. In the early nineties, not much was known about dm in nigeria and traditionally, people related. The international diabetes federation idf is an umbrella organization of over 230 national diabetes associations in 170 countries and territories. Ihekwabab, aaron ojuleb, seye babatundeb a university teaching hospital, port harcourt, nigeria b college of health sciences, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria received 12 february 2003.
The global burden of dm has increased by more than a twelve times between 1985 and 20052 3. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the bodys systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus in africa type 1 diabetes mellitus type 1 diabetes is caused by the autoimmune destruction of the insulinproducing cells of the pancreas. A 5year 20102014 retrospective descriptive survey of cases of dm was conducted, using hospital record retrieved from the record institution. In countries with weaker economies type 2 diabetes is rapidly replacing communicable diseases as a. A literature search of the pubmed database was conducted of published research between 1990 and 20 using the medical subject headings diabetes mellitus and nigeria.
The epidemiology and pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Compared with the world population, the nigerian health organizations pointed out that the diabetes prevalence was 4. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and its risk factors among the. Noncommunicable diseases ncds are the leading cause of death globally and diabetes mellitus is the 4 th main contributor 1. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among nigerians in port harcourt correlates with socioeconomic status nwafor, a. Diabetes was essentially unknown in africa in 1901, yet in 20 19.
Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes mellitus in. Evidencebased national diabetes guidelinesprotocolsstandards. Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes and diabetic. Prevention cdc, provides information on the prevalence and incidence of diabetes and prediabetes, risk factors for complications, acute and longterm complications, deaths, and costs. Therefore, the purpose of this study to systematically identify populationbased studies on diabetes in nigeria and to determine the prevalence and sex differential. It advances our understanding of trends in diabetes prevalence, of the contribution of high blood glucose. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus gdm among women attending public health centers in rwanda using the world health organization who 20. The national diabetes statistics report, a periodic publication of the centers for disease control and. Pdf type 1 diabetes mellitus in the african population.
Diabetes prevalence in nigeria all the speakers at the national diabetes workshop, pointed the challenges of managing diabetes in nigeria as. Epidemiology, clinical presentation and management of. This study provides a comprehensive report on the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus t2dm in nigeria since the last nationwide survey of noncommunicable diseases in 1997. Prevalence and associated factors of diabetes mellitus in. This study provides new and nationally representative data on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and dr in nigeria as well as sociodemographic and biophysical risk factors. Type 1a or autoimmune type 1 and type 1b or idiopathic or alternatively ketosisprone type 2 diabetes constitute the remainder. The first edition of this book gained recognition as the definitive textbook of diabetes epidemiology. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is rising in nigeria and its complications present an immense public health burden. A manual search for additional studies was performed using references cited in the. Lucia yo, prisca oa 2012 type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting plasma glucose in urban south western nigeria.
The multisystem complications of diabetes include microvascular retinopathy, nephropathy. In 1985, 30 million people were estimated to be suffering from the disease and by. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in nigeria updates and. May 14, 2018 there has been no nationwide health diabetes survey in nigeria since 1992, when a diabetes mellitus dm prevalence of 2. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a nigerian population. Diabetes association ada estimates that the prevalence was estimated in nigeria as 20. The global epidemiology of diabetes and kidney disease. Diabetes, clinically is a non communicable disorder but diabetics. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among nigerians in port harcourt. It represents the interests of the growing number of people with diabetes and those at risk. More complicated cases are seen in the few tertiary centers fewer than 60 exist in nigeria. The federation has been leading the global diabetes community since 1950. Increasing prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus gdm. Global prevalence of diabetes estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030 sarah wild, mb bchir, phd 1 gojka roglic,md 2 anders green, md, phd, dr med sci 3 richard sicree, mbbs, mph 4 hilary king md dsc 2 objective the goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetes and the number of people of all ages with diabetes for years 2000 and 2030.
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